ALL PUBLICATIONS

Elleouet JS, Aitken SN. 2019. Long‐distance pollen dispersal during recent colonization favors a rapid but partial recovery of genetic diversity in Picea sitchensis. New Phytologist  222 (2): 1088-1100 [open access]

Lotterhos K , Yeaman S, JC Degner, SN Aitken, Hodgins K. 2018. Modularity of genes involved in local adaptation to climate despite physical linkage Genome Biology 19: 157  [open access]

Mahony CR, Mackenzie WH, Aitken SN. 2018. Novel climates: Trajectories of climate change beyond the boundaries of British Columbia’s forest management knowledge system Forest Ecology and Management 410: 35-47

Mahony CR, Cannon AJ. 2018. Wetter summers can intensify departures from natural variability in a warming climate. Nature Communications 9:783, doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03132-z [open access]

Flanagan SP, Forester BR, Latch EK, Aitken SN, Hoban S. 2018. Guidelines for planning genomic assessment and monitoring of locally adaptive variation to inform species conservation. Evolutionary Applications 11:1035-1052 [open access]

Lotterhos K , Yeaman S, JC Degner, SN Aitken, Hodgins K. 2018. Modularity of genes involved in local adaptation to climate despite physical linkage Genome Biology 19: 157  [open access]

Mathys AS, Coops NC, Simard SW, Waring RH, Aitken SN. 2018. Diverging distribution of seedlings and mature trees reflects recent climate change in British Columbia. Ecological Modelling 384: 145-153

Elleouet JS, Aitken SN. 2018. Exploring approximate Bayesian Computation for inferring recent demographic history with genomic markers in nonmodel species. Molecular Ecology Resources 18: 525-540

Conte GL, Hodgins KA, Yeaman S, Degner JC, Aitken SN, Rieseberg LH, Whitlock MC. 2017. Bioinformatically predicted deleterious mutations reveal complementation in the interior spruce hybrid complex. BMC Genomics 18: 970 [open access]

MacLachlan IR, Yeaman S, Aitken SN. 2017. Growth gains from selective breeding in a spruce hybrid zone do not compromise local adaptation to climate. Evolutionary Applications doi: 10.1111/eva.12525 

MacLachlan IR, Wang T, Hamann A, Smets P, Aitken SN. 2017. Selective breeding of lodgepole pine increases growth and maintains climatic adaptation. Forest Ecology and Management, 391:404-416

Mahony CR, Cannon AJ, Wang T, Aitken SN. 2017. A closer look at novel climates: new methods and insights at continental to landscape scales Global Change Biology 23 (9): 3934-3955 [open access]

Holliday JA, Aitken SN, Cooke JEK, Fady B, González‐Martínez SC, Heuertz M, Jaramillo‐Correa J-P, Lexer C, Staton M, Whetten RW, Plomion C. 2017. Advances in ecological genomics in forest trees and applications to genetic resources conservation and breeding.  Molecular Ecology 26:706-717 [open access]

Nadeau S, Meirmans PG, Aitken SN, Ritland K, Isabel N. 2016. The challenge of separating signatures of local adaptation from those of isolation by distance and colonization history: The case of two white pines. Ecology and Evolution 6 (24): 8649-8664  [open access].

Yeaman S, Hodgins KA, Lotterhos KE, Suren H, Nadeau S, Degner JC, Nurkowski KA, Smets P, Wang T, Gray LK, Liepe KJ, Hamann A, Holliday JA, Whitlock MC, Rieseberg LH, Aitken SN. 2016. Convergent local adaptation to climate in distantly related conifers. Science 353(6306):1431-1433. [abstract] [to view pdf visit the AdapTree website]

Hodgins KA, Yeaman S, Nurkowski KA, Rieseberg LH, Aitken SN. 2016. Expression divergence is correlated with sequence evolution but not positive selection in conifers. Molecular Biology and Evolution 33 (6): 1502-1516.

Suren H, Hodgins KA, Yeaman S, Nurkowski KA, Smets P, Rieseberg LR, Aitken SN, Holliday JH. 2016. Exome capture from the spruce and pine giga-genomes. Molecular Ecology Resources 16: 1136–1146.

Liepe KJ, Hamann A, Smets P, Fitzpatrick CR, Aitken SN. 2016. Adaptation of lodgepole pine and interior spruce to climate: implications for reforestation in a warming world. Evolutionary Applications 9(2): 409-419. [open access]

Aitken SN, Bemmels JB. 2016. Time to get moving: Assisted gene flow of forest trees. Evolutionary Applications 9:271-290. DOI: 10.1111/eva.12293. [open access]

Hodgins KA, Yeaman S, Nurkowski K, Rieseberg LH and Aitken SN. 2016. Expression divergence is correlated with sequene evolution but not positive selection in conifers. Molecular Biology and Evolution doi: 10.1093/molbev/msw032

Liepe KJ, Hamann A, Smets P, Fitzpatrick CR and Aitken SN. 2016. Adaptation of lodgepole pine and interior spruce to climate: Implications for reforestation in a warming world. Evolutionary Applications 9: 409-419. [open access]

Potvin, C, S.N. Aitken, F. Antil, E. Bennett, F. Berkes, J. Byrne, I. Creed, A. Cunsolo Willox, A. Dale, D. de Lange, M. Entz, L. Fraser, G. Hoberg and 46 other Canadian academics. 2015. Acting on climate change: Solutions from Canadian scholars UNESCO Chair for dialogues on Sustainability, Trottier Institute for Science and Public Policy, and Sustainable Canada Dialogues.

De La Torre, A., P.K. Ingvarsson, and S.N. Aitken. 2015. Genetic architecture and genomic patterns of gene flow between hybridizing species of Picea. Heredity doi: 10.1038/hdy.2015.19 [open access]

Hamilton J.A., A.R. De La Torre, and S.N. Aitken. 2015. Fine-scale environmental variation contributes to introgression in a three-species spruce hybrid complex. Tree Genetics and Genomes 11: 1-14.

Wang H, F. Cao, G. Li, W. Yu,and S.N. Aitken. 2015. The transcript profiles of a putative early light-induced protein (ELIP) encoding gene in Ginkgo biloba L. under various stress conditions. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 37: 1-12.

Aitken S.N. and S. Simard. 2015. Restoring forests. Alternatives Journal 41: 30-33.

Yeaman, S. K.A. Hodgins, H. Suren, K.A. Nurkowski, L.H. Rieseberg, J.A. Holliday,S.N. Aitken. 2014. Conservation and divergence of gene expression plasticity following ~140 million years of evolution in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and interior spruce (Picea glauca x P. engelmannii). New Phytologist 203(2): 578–591. [open access]

A.R. De La Torre, D.R. Roberts, S.N. Aitken. 2014. Genome‐wide admixture and ecological niche modeling reveal the maintenance of species boundaries despite long history of interspecific gene flow.  Molecular Ecology 23 (8): 2046–2059. [open access]

A.R. De La Torre, T. Wang, B. Jaquish, and S.N. Aitken. 2013. Adaptation and exogenous selection in a Picea glauca × Picea engelmannii hybrid zone: implications for forest management under climate change. New Phytologist 201: 687-699 [open access]

Franks, S.J., J. J. Weber and S.N. Aitken. 2014. Evolutionary and plastic responses to climate change in terrestrial plant populations. Evolutionary Applications 7 (1): 123–139. [open access]

Reid, K.E., J.A. Holliday, M. Yuen, A. Nguyen, S.N. Aitken, J. Bohlmann. 2013. Sequencing of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) cDNA libraries constructed from autumn buds and foliage reveals autumn-specific spruce transcripts. Tree Genetics and Genomes 9:683-691

Hamilton, J.A. and S.N. Aitken. 2013. Genetic and morphological structure of a spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong) Carr. x P. glauca Moensch Voss) hybrid zone along a climatic gradient. American Journal of Botany 100:1651-1662 [open access]

Aitken, S.N. and M.C. Whitlock. 2013. Assisted gene flow to facilitate adaptation to climate. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 44: 367-388.

Allendorf, F.W., G. Luikart and S.N. Aitken. 2013. Conservation and the genetics of populations. Second Edition. Wiley-Blackwell.

Hamann, A. and S.N. Aitken. 2013. Conservation planning under climate change: accounting for adaptive potential and migration capacity in species distribution models. Diversity and Distributions 19: 268-280.

Hamilton, J.A., C. Lexer and S.N. Aitken. 2013. Genomic and phenotypic architecture of a spruce hybrid zone (Picea sitchensis and P. glauca). Molecular Ecology 22: 827-841.

Hamilton, J.A., C. Lexer and S.N. Aitken. 2013. Differential introgression reveals candidate genes for selection across a spruce (Picea sitchensis x P. glauca) hybrid zone. New Phytologist 197: 927-938.

Sork, V.L., S.N. Aitken, R.J. Dyer, A.J. Eckert, P. Legendre, D.B. Neale. 2013. Putting the landscape into the genomics of trees: approaches for understanding local adaptation and population responses to changing climate. Tree Genetics and Genomes 9: 901-911.

Alberto, F.J., S.N. Aitken, R. Alia, S.C. Gonzalez-Martinez, H. Hanninen, A. Kremer, F. Lefevre, T. LeNormand, S. Yeaman, R. Whetten and O. Savolainen. 2013. Potential for evolutionary responses to climate change – evidence from tree populations. Global Change Biology 19:1645-1661. [open access]

Holliday, J.A., T. Wang and S.N. Aitken. 2012. Predicting adaptive phenotypes from multilocus genotypes in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) using Random Forest G3. Genes Genomes Genetics 2: 1085-1093. [Open access]

Wang, T., E.M. Campbell, G.A. O’Neill and S.N. Aitken. 2012. Projecting future distributions of ecosystem climate niches: Uncertainties and management applications. Forest Ecology and Management 279: 128-140.

McLane, S.C. and S.N. Aitken. 2012. Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) assisted migration potential: Testing establishment north of the species range. Ecological Applications. 22(1), 2012, pp. 142–153. [Author supplied PDF version, Copyright by the Ecological Society of America]

Holliday, J.A., H. Suren, and S.N. Aitken. 2012. Divergent selection and heterogeneous migration rates across the range of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis). Proceedings of the Royal Society Series B 279: 1675-1683. [Open access]

Dauwe, R., Holliday, J.A., Aitken, S.N., Mansfield, S.D. 2012. Metabolic dynamics during autumn cold acclimation within and among phenotypically divergent populations of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis). New Phytologist. 194(1): 192-205. [Open access]

Bower, A.D., S.C. McLane, A. Eckert, S. Jorgensen, A. Schoettle and S.N. Aitken. 2011. Conservation of high elevation five-needle pines. In Kean, R.E., D.F. Tomback, M.P. Murray and C.M. Smith, eds. The future of high-elevation, five-needle white pines in Western North America: Proceedings of the High Five Symposium 28-30 June 2010, Missoula, MT. Proceedings RMRS-P-63. For Collins, CO. US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 376 p. [Download PDF version from publisher]

McLane, S.C., V.M. LeMay, and S.N. Aitken. 2011. Modeling lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) radial growth relative to climate and genetics using universal growth-trend response functions. Ecological Society of America Ecological Applications 21: 776-788.

McLane, S.C., Daniels, L.D., and S.N. Aitken. 2011. Climate impacts on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) radial growth in a provenance experiment. Forest Ecology and Management 262: 115-123.

Keir, K.R., J.B. Bemmels and S.N. Aitken. 2011. Low genetic diversity, moderate local adaptation, and phylogeographic insights in Cornus nuttallii (Cornaceae). American Journal of Botany 98: 1327-1336. [Open access]

Bower, A.D. and S.N. Aitken. 2011. Changes in genetic diversity of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) associated with inbreeding and white pine blister rust. Silvae Genetica 60: 113-123.

Bower, A.D., D. Kolotelo and S.N. Aitken. 2011. Effects of length of storage and stratification on germination of whitebark pine seeds. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 26: 24-29.

Mimura, M. and S.N. Aitken. 2010. Local adaptation at the range peripheries of Sitka spruce. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23: 249-258. [Open access]

Holliday, J.A., M. Yuen, K.Ritland and S.N. Aitken. 2010. Postglacial history of a widespread conifer produces inverse clines in selective neutrality tests. Molecular Ecology 18: 3857-3864. [Open access]

Holliday, J.A., K. Ritland and S.N. Aitken. 2010. Widespread ecologically-relevant genetic markers developed from association mapping of climate-related traits in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis). New Phytologist 188: 501-514. [Open access]

Wang, T., G.A. O’Neill and S.N. Aitken. 2010. Integrating environmental and genetic effects to predict responses of tree populations to climate. Ecological Applications 20: 153-163.

Chourmouzis C, A. Hamann, A.D. Yanchuk, P. Smets and S.N. Aitken. 2009. Forest Tree Genetic Conservation Status Report 1: In Situ Conservation Status of All Indigenous B.C. Species. Centre for Forest Conservation Genetics, Forest Genetics Council of BC, and BC Ministry of Forests and Range, Forest Science Program, Victoria, BC. Technical Report Technical Report 053. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Tr/Tr053.htmTechnical Report.

Krakowski J, C. Chourmouzis, A.D. Yanchuk, D. Kolotelo, A. Hamann, and S.N. Aitken. 2009. Forest Tree Genetic Conservation Status Report 2: genetic conservation status of operational tree species. Centre for Forest Conservation Genetics, Forest Genetics Council of British Columbia, and B.C. Min. For. Range, For. Sci. Prog. Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 054. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Tr/Tr054.htm

Mbogga, M., A. Hamann, and T. Wang. 2009. Historical and projected climate data for natural resource management in western Canada. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 149:881-890.

Holliday J.A., Ralph S., White R., Bohlmann J. and Aitken, S.N. 2008. Global monitoring of gene expression during autumn cold acclimation among rangewide populations of Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.] New Phytologist 178: 103-122.

Bower, A.D. and S.N. Aitken. 2008. Ecological genetics and seed transfer guidelines for Pinus albicaulis (Pinaceae). American Journal of Botany 95: 66-76.

Ukrainetz, N. K., Kang, K.-Y., Aitken, S.N., Stoehr, M., Mansfield, S.D. 2008. Heritability, phenotypic and genetic correlations of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) wood quality traits. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 38:1536-1546.

Aitken, S.N., S. Yeaman, J. A. Holliday, T. Wang, and S. Curtis-McLane. 2008. Adaptation, migration or extirpation: climate change outcomes for tree populations. Evolutionary Applications 1(1): 95-111.

O’Neill, G.; Hamann, A.; Wang, T. 2008. Accounting for population variation improves estimates of climate change impacts on species’ growth and distribution. Journal of Applied Ecology 45:1040-1049.

Mimura, M. and S.N. Aitken. 2007. Adaptive gradients and isolation by distance with postglacial migration in Picea sitchensis. Heredity 99:224-232.

Mimura, M. and S.N. Aitken. 2007. Increased selfing and decreased effective pollen donor number in peripheral relative to central populations in Picea sitchensis (Pinaceae). American Journal of Botany, 94:991-998.

Bower, A.D. and S.N. Aitken. 2007. Mating System and Inbreeding Depression in Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.). Tree Genetics and Genomes 3: 379-388

Gapare, W.J., A. Yanchuk, and S.N. Aitken. 2007. Optimal sampling strategies for capture of genetic diversity differ between core and peripheral populations of Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. Conservation Genetics. Published online DOI 10.1007/s10592-007-9353-8.

O’Neill, G. A., N. Gordon, T. Wang, and P. K. Ott. 2007. Growth response functions improved by accounting for non-climatic site effects. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 37:2724-2730.

Wang T. and J.H.Russell. 2006. Evaluation of selfing effects on western redcedar growth and yield in operational plantations using TASS. Forest Science, 52:281-289.

Wang, T., A. Hamann, A. Yanchuk, G. A. O’Neill, and S. N. Aitken. 2006. Use of response functions in selecting lodgepole pine populations for future climate. Global Change Biology. 12:2404–2416.

Bower, A.D. and S.N. Aitken. 2006. Geographic and seasonal variation in cold hardiness of whitebark pine. Can. J. For. Res. 36:1842-1850.

Chuine, I., G.E. Rehfeldt and S.N. Aitken. 2006. Height growth determinants in pines: a case study of Pinus contorta and Pinus monticola. Can. J. For. Res. 36:1059-1066.

Hamann, A., and T. Wang. 2006. Potential effects of climate change on ecosystem and tree species distribution in British Columbia. Ecology 87:2773–2786.

Wang, T.,A. Hamann, D. Spittlehouse and S.N. Aitken. 2006. Development of scale-free climate data for western Canada for use in resource management. International Journal of Climatology 26: 383-397.

Gapare, W.J. and S.N. Aitken. 2005. Strong spatial genetic structure in peripheral but not core populations of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) Molecular Ecology 14: 2659-2667.

Gapare, W.J., S.N. Aitken and C. Ritland. 2005. Genetic diversity of core and peripheral Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr) populations: implications for conservation of widespread species. Biological Conservation 123: 113-123.

Hamann, A. and Wang, T. 2005. Models of climatic normals for genecology and climate change studies in British Columbia. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 128: 211-221.

Hamann, A., P. Smets, S.N. Aitken and A.D. Yanchuk. 2005. An ecogeographic framework for in situ conservation of forest trees in British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 35:2553-2561. (“Supplementary Data” for this publication).

Krakowski, J., A. Benowicz, J.H. Russell and Y.A. El-Kassaby. 2005. Effects of serial propagation, donor age and genotype on Chamaecyparis nootkatensis physiology and growth traits. Can. J. For. Res. 35:623-632.

Wheeler, N.C., K.D. Jermstad, K.V. Krutovsky, S.N. Aitken, G.T. Howe, J. Krakowski and D.B. Neale. 2005. Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling adaptive traits in coastal Douglas-fir. IV. Cold hardiness QTL verification and candidate gene mapping. Molecular Breeding 15: 145-156.

Aitken, S.N. 2004. Genecology and adaptation of forest trees. Article 86 in Encyclopedia of Forest Sciences., Elsevier

Bennuah, S.Y., T. Wang and S.N. Aitken. 2004. Genetic analysis of the Picea sitchensis x glauca introgression zone in British Columbia Forest Ecology and Management. Forest Ecology and Management 197: 65-77.

Hamann, A., S. N. Aitken, A. D. Yanchuk. 2004. Cataloguing in situ protection of genetic resources for major commercial forest trees in British Columbia. Forest Ecology and Management 197: 295-305 (“Extended Manuscript and Data” PDF 484 Kb).

Iddrisu, M.N. and K. Ritland. 2004. Genetic variation, population structure and mating system in bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum Pursch). Can. J. Bot. 82: 1817-1825.

O’Neill, G.A. and S.N. Aitken. 2004. Area-based breeding zones to minimize maladaptation Can. J. For. Res. 34: 695-704

Wang, T., S.N. Aitken, J.H. Woods, K. Polsson and S. Magnussen. 2004. Effects of inbreeding on coastal Douglas-fir growth and yield in operational plantations: A model-based approach. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 108(6): 1162-1171.

Wellman, H., C. Ritland and K. Ritland. 2004. Genetic effects of domestication in western hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla. Forest Genetics 10: 229-240.

Howe, G.T., S.N. Aitken, D.B. Neale, K.D. Jermstad, N.C. Wheeler and T.H.H. Chen. 2003. From genotype to phenotype: Unraveling the complexities of cold adaptation in forest trees. Can. J. Bot. 81: 1247-1266.

Krakowski, J., S.N. Aitken and Y. El-Kassaby. 2003. Inbreeding and conservation genetics in whitebark pine. Conservation Genetics 4: 581-593. DOI 10.1023/A:1025667700479

Wang, T.L., S.N. Aitken and K.L. Kavanagh. 2003. Selection for improved growth and wood quality in lodgepole pine: effects on phenology, hydraulic architecture and growth of seedlings. Trees Structure and Function 17:269-277.

Wellman H., E. Pritchard, A. Benowicz, D. Ally and C. Ritland. 2003. Microsatellite markers in western hemlock [Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.)Sarg]. Molecular Ecology Notes 3(4) pp. 592-594

Anekonda, T.S., C. Lomax, W.T. Adams, K. L. Kavanagh and S.N. Aitken. 2002. Genetic variation in drought hardiness of coastal Douglas-fir seedlings from British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 32: 1701-1716.

Gapare, W. J. and S. N. Aitken. 2002. Sampling strategies for capture of diversity and conservation of rare alleles. In: Proceedings of the Canadian Tree Improvement Association, Poplar Council of Canada, and the Western Forest Genetics Association, “Integrating Tree Improvement with Sustainable Forest Management Practice” University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, July 22-25, 2002.

O’Neill, G.A., S.N. Aitken, J.N. King and R. Alfaro. 2002. Geographic variation in resin canal defenses in seedlings from the Sitka x white spruce introgression zone. Can. J. For. Res. 32: 390-400.

Woods, J., Wang, T. and Aitken, S.N. 2002. Effects of inbreeding on coastal Douglas-fir: nursery performance. Silvae Genetica 51(4): 163-170.

Adams, W.T., S.N. Aitken, D.G. Joyce, G.T. Howe and J. Vargas-Hernandez. 2001. Evaluating efficacy of early testing for stem growth in coastal Douglas-fir. Silvae Genetica 50(3-4): 167-175.

Aitken, S.N. and M. Hannerz. 2001. Genecology and gene resource management strategies for conifer cold hardiness. Chapter 2 in “Conifer Cold Hardiness”, F. Bigras and S. Columbo, Eds. Kluwer Academic Press, NY.

Chuine, I., S.N. Aitken and C. Ying. 2001. Temperature-dependent growth in provenances of Pinus contorta. Can. J. For. Res. 31(8):1444-1455

Gapare, W. J., Hodge, G. R., & Dvorak, W. S. 2001. Genetic Parameters and Provenance Variation of Pinus maximinoi in Brazil, Colombia and South Africa. Forest Genetics 8(2): 159-170.

Hannerz, M., S.N. Aitken, T. Ericsson and C. C. Ying. 2001. Variation in strobili production within and among provenances of lodgepole pine. Forest Genetics 8(4):325-331.

Jermstad, K.D., D.L. Bassoni, N.C. Wheeler, T.S. Anekonda, S.N. Aitken, W.T. Adams and D.B. Neale. 2001. Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling adaptive traits in coastal Douglas-fir: II. Spring and fall cold-hardiness. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 102: 1142-1151.

O’Neill, G.A., W.T. Adams and S.N. Aitken. 2001. Quantitative genetics of spring and fall cold hardiness in seedlings from two Oregon populations of coastal Douglas-fir. For. Ecol. and Mgmt. 149: 305-318.

Wang, T. and S.N. Aitken. 2001. Selection for improved growth and wood quality in lodgepole pine: effects on xylem anatomy of tree stems. Can. J. For. Res. 31: 2049-2057.

Anekonda, T.S., W.T. Adams, and S.N. Aitken. 2000. Cold hardiness testing for Douglas-fir tree improvement programs: Guidelines for a simple, robust, and inexpensive screening method. West. J. Appl. For. 15(3):129-136.

Anekonda, T.S., W.T. Adams, S.N. Aitken, D.B. Neale, K. D. Jermstad, N.C. Wheeler et al. 2000. Genetics of cold hardiness in a cloned full-sib family of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Can. J. For. Res. 30(5): 837-840.

Dvorak, W.S., Gutierrez, E. A., and Gapare, W. J. 2000. Pinus maximinoi. In: Conservation and Testing of Tropical and subtropical Species by the CAMCORE Cooperative. pp: 107-127.

Gapare, W. J. 2000. Predicted and Realised Genetic Gain in Eucalyptus grandis breeding seedling orchard in Zimbabwe. Southern African Forestry Journal 189: 11-16.

Gapare, W. J. 2000. Growth and Productivity Performance of some Provenances of Pinus maximinoi H.E. Moore in Brazil, Colombia and South Africa. In: Proceedings “Forest Genetics for the next Millenium” IUFRO Working Party 2.08.01, Durban, South Africa, 8-13 October 2000.

Hamann A. 2000. Utilization and management of red alder genetic resources in British Columbia. For. Chr.

Hamann, A. 2000. Fruiting and flowering phenology of a Philippine submontane rainforest: Climatic factors as proximate and ultimate causes. J. Ecol.

Hamann, A. 2000. The North Negros Forest Reserve: A biodiversity hotspot at risk. Canopy Int.

Hamann, A., Koshy, M., and Namkoong, G. 2000. A multiple population breeding strategy for uncertain climatic futures: a case study with red alder. Paper presented at IUFRO conference: Genetic response of forest systems to changing environmental conditions. University of Munich, Freising, Germany, September 12-17, 1999.

Hamann, A., Koshy, M., and Namkoong, G. 2000. Improving estimates of breeding values by removing spatially autocorrelated error variation in field experiments. For. Sci.

Hamann, A., Koshy, M., Namkoong, G. and Ying C. C. 2000. Genotype × environment interactions in Alnus rubra Bong.: developing seed zones and seedtransfer guidelines with spatial statistics and GIS. For. Ecol. Manage. 136 107-119.

Kavanagh, K.L., B.J. Yoder, S.N. Aitken, B.L. Gartner and S.A. Knowe. 1999. Vulnerability to xylem cavitation in Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii and var. glauca. Tree Physiology 19:31-37.

Namkoong, G., M. Koshy and S.N. Aitken. 2000. Selection. In: “Forest Conservation Genetics: Principles and Practice”, Boyle, T.J.B., Young, A., and Boshier, D. (eds), CSIRO, Canberra, Australia. Pp. 101-111.

O’Neill, G.A., S.N. Aitken and W.T. Adams. 2000. Genetic selection for cold hardiness in coastal Douglas-fir seedlings and saplings. Can. J. For. Res. 30: 1799-1807.

Wang, T., S.N. Aitken, P. Rozenberg and F. Millier. 2000. Selection for improved growth and wood density in lodgepole pine: Effects on radial patterns of wood formation. Wood and Fiber Science. 32(4): 391-403.

Aitken, S.N. 1999. Conserving adaptive variation in forest ecosystems. Journal of Sustainable Forestry 8(7/8): 1-10.

Balduman, L.M., S.N. Aitken, M. Harmon and W.T. Adams. 1999. Genetic variation in cold hardiness of Douglas-fir in relation to parent-tree environment. Can. J. For. Res. 29(1):62-72.

Hannerz, M., S.N. Aitken, J.N. King and S. Budge. 1999. Effects of genetic selection for growth on frost hardiness in western hemlock. Can. J. For. Res. 29(4):509-516.

Hamann, A. and Curio, C. 1999. Interactions between frugivores and fleshy fruit trees in a Philippine submontane rainforest. Cons. Biol. 13: 766-773.

Hamann, A., Barbon, Curio, E., and Madulid, D. A. 1999. A botanical inventory of a submontane rainforest on Negros island, Philippines. Biodiv. Cons. 8: 1017-1031.

Wang, T., S.N. Aitken, P. Rozenberg and M.R. Carlson. 1999. Selection for height growth and Pilodyn pin penetration in lodgepole pine: effects on growth traits, wood properties, and their relationships. Can. J. For. Res. 29(4):434-445.

Anekonda, T.S., W.T. Adams and S.N. Aitken. 1998. Influence of second flushing on genetic assessment of cold hardiness in coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Forest Ecology and Management 4440: 1-8.

Hamann, A. 1998. Adventitious root formation in cuttings of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.): developmental sequence and effects of maturation. Trees 12: 175-180.

Hamann, A., E1-Kassaby, Y., Koshy, M., and Namkoong, G. 1998. Multivariate analysis of allozymic and quantitative trait variation in red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.): geographic patterns and evolutionary implications. Can. J. For. Res. 10: 1557-1565.

Aitken, S.N. and W.T. Adams. 1997. Spring cold hardiness is under strong genetic control in Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii. Can. J. For. Res. 27(11):1773-1780.

Curio, E., Hamann, A., and Lastimoza, L. 1997. The appearance and status of the Writhed-billed Hornbill (Aceros waldeni). OBC Bulletin 23: 18-21.

Schermann, N., W.T. Adams, S.N. Aitken and J.-C. Bastien. 1997. Genetic parameters of stem form traits in a 9-year-old coastal Douglas-fir progeny test. Silvae Genetica 46(2-3): 166-170.

Aitken, S. N., W. T. Adams, N. Schermann and L. H. Fuchigami. 1996. Family variation for fall cold hardiness in two Washington populations of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Forest Ecology and Management 80: 187-195.

Aitken, S. N. and W. T. Adams. 1996. Genetics of fall cold hardiness in coastal Douglas-fir in Oregon. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26:1828-1837.

Curio, E., Hamann, A., Heubuschl, P. and Lastimoza, L. 1996. Hornbill research and conservation in the Philippines. EEP Hornbill TAG Newsletter 2: 26-27.

Aitken, S. N. and W. T. Adams. 1995. Impacts of genetic selection for height growth on annual developmental cycle traits in coastal Douglas-fir. P. AD-1 In ‘Evolution of breeding strategies for conifers from the Pacific Northwest. Proc., IUFRO Conference, 31 July – 4 Aug. Limoges, France.

Aitken, S. N. and W. T. Adams. 1995. Screening for cold hardiness in coastal Douglas-fir. In Eucalypt Plantations: Improving Fiber Yield and Quality (eds.) B. M. Potts, N. M. G. Borralho, J. B. Reid, R. N. Cromer, W. N. Tibbits and C. A. Raymond. Pp. 321-324. Proc. CRC-IUFRO Conf., (Hobart, Australia).

Aitken, S. N., K. L. Kavanagh and B. J. Yoder. 1995. Genetic variation in seedling water-use efficiency as estimated by carbon isotope ratios and its relationship to sapling growth in Douglas-fir. Forest Genetics 2 (4): 199-206.

Aitken, S. N., and W. J. Libby. 1994. Evolution of the pygmy-forest edaphic subspecies of Pinus contorta across an ecological staircase. Evolution 48 (4): 1009-1019.